Modelo sistémico complejo del Clúster inmobiliario-turístico para la competitividad de las MiPyMEs de Baja California
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a complex systemic model of the Real Estate-Tourism Cluster of the State of Baja California that explains how interactions between micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and institutional, academic, business, financial and territorial agents can give rise to adaptive processes and emergent properties related to competitiveness and sustainability. The study uses a conceptual, theoretical-propositional design. It is grounded in an integrative and narrative review of the literature on MSMEs, competitiveness, clusters and business ecosystems, complex adaptive systems, and territorial intelligence. This conceptual integration established three levels of analysis: structural properties, adaptive mechanisms and emergent properties. The model positions MSMEs as focal economic agents within a heterogeneous and interdependent system. Interactions and the exchange of information, knowledge and resources can generate processes of learning, feedback, adaptation and self-organization. From these processes, collective capabilities related to collaborative innovation, resilience, competitiveness and sustainability may emerge. Territorial intelligence is incorporated as a mechanism that links agents' decisions to changes in the territory and allows the information generated to flow back into the system. The model proposes that the competitiveness of MSMEs depends on their internal capabilities, and also on the relationships they establish, their capacity to adapt and the conditions of the territory. The proposal provides a conceptual foundation that can be tested and refined through future empirical research.
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References
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